Master Core Incoterms® 2020

 Namuhla, ngokubona komthengi, sehlela ama-incoterms afudumele aphezulu, ukufundisa ukuthi ukhethe ngokusekelwe kwizidingo futhi ugweme amaphutha abucayi.   

Ukukhetha ama -noterms empeleni kusho ukukhetha "ukulawula" kanye "nokusebenziseka" Ukuhlukaniswa ngemodi yokuhamba kuyindlela ebonakalayo ebonakalayo - okokuqala qinisekisa ukuthi izimpahla zizothunyelwa ngolwandle, umoya, noma ezokuhamba ze-multimodal.   

I. Imibandela Yezokuthutha Yonke I-Universal: Izinketho eziphezulu zokuthengwa okujwayelekile  

1. Exw (Ex Work): Ukulawula okuphezulu kepha umzamo omkhulu. Abahlinzeki balungiselela kuphela izimpahla; Abathengi baphatha konke ukukhishwa kwe-Pickup kanye namasiko. Ilungele abathengi abanokuvakasha kwezimpahla ezivuthiwe kanye nokujwayelani ngezinto zaseChina - zihlala zicela amadokhumenti amasiko ashubile kusengaphambili.   

2. I-FCA (Carriers yamahhala): Inani elihle kakhulu lemali. Abahlinzeki baletha izimpahla endaweni ekhethiwe yomthengi (isb. Sisebenzisa leli gama lokuthengaI-Tricone Roller Bits: Kuqeda izinto ezifuywayo kanye namasiko ama-hassles amakhulu ambalwa angeziwe we-yuan angeziwe, okwenza kube ukukhetha okulinganiselayo okulinganiselayo.   

I-3.CIP (Carriager nomshuwalense ikhokhelwe): Newbie-friendly. Abahlinzeki bakhava ukuthutha kanye nomshuwalense, benikeza ukuvikela okwengeziwe kune-CPT. SelokhuAmathuluzi okumbazithambekele ekushayweni nasekugqwala, sidinga ukuthi "zonke izingozi + ukumbozwa kwengozi yokugqwala. Okokugcina, sasifaka ngempumelelo isinxephezelo ngamabhithi akhubazekile esebenzisa inqubomgomo yomshuwalense.   

I-4. I-DDP (I-DDP ekhokhelwe): Ukuvutha okulula. Abahlinzeki baphatha yonke into kusuka efektri kuya eWarehouse-ezokuthutha yomthengi, imvume yenkambiso, kanye nemisebenzi. Siyisebenzisela izindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi izindawo: yize zibiza kakhulu, zigwema izindleko ezingalindelekile (ukuqinisekisa izingcaphuno zifaka zonke izimali ezixubile).   

II. Imigomo yezokuThutha eSebenzayo: Kufanele-Haves Yezimpahla Eziningi   

1. I-FOB (Mahhala Abahlinzeki balayisha izimpahla emkhunjini oqokiwe womthengi kanye nokuthola imvume yenkambiso ephelele, ukuvumela abathengi ukuthi balawule inkampani yokuthumela. Cacisa ngokusobala ukuthi "FOB + Port" kwizinkontileka bese ucela "eBhodi Bill of Laing" ukugwema ukubambezeleka okuvela "kwezindleko".   

2. I-CIF (izindleko, umshuwalense kanye nezimpahla): ilungele ama-newbies. Abahlinzeki bamboza izimpahla zasolwandle, umshuwalense, kanye nokulayishwa okulayishwayo kuphatha imvume yamasiko kuphela. Thuthukisa ukumbozwa komshuwalense (e.g., engeza ingozi yempi yezindawo ezingazinzile) futhi uqinisekise ukuthi inqubomgomo ihlanganisa inqubo yonke yokuthumela.   

 III. Amathiphu ayi-5 ayisisekelo ukugwema izithiyo zokuthengwa kwezimpahla   

1. Ngokusobala isimo se- "Incoterms® 2020" ukuvikela izingxabano ngezinguqulo ezindala;   

2. Cacisa izindawo eziqondile (e.g., "FCA XX Warehouse, Pudong, Shanghai");   

I-3. Cacisa izidingo zedokhumenti ukugwema izinto ezingekho ngokuthola imvume yamasiko;   

4. Vumelana ngezindawo zokuhlola ukuxhumana futhi ucele ukuthumela / ukulethwa kwemibhalo;   

5. Izidingo zokuvikelwa kwenothi nomshuwalense wezimpahla ezikhethekile (e.g., amathuluzi okumba).   

Ukubeka kafushane   

Ama-Newbies / amasiko ayinkimbinkimbi: khetha i-CIP noma i-DDP;  Ngomdlulisela wezimpahla: Khetha i-FCA noma i-FOB;  Ukuhanjiswa kolwandle olunobuningi: khetha i-CIF noma i-FOB.  Ama-Incoterms ayisivumelwano esibophayo phakathi kwezinhlangothi zombili izimpahla eziphephile kanye nezinto ezibushelelezi yizinjongo eziyisisekelo zokuthengwa kwempahla.