Nau'u Uku Na Hako Dutse

Nau'u Uku Na Hako Dutse

Akwai hanyoyi uku na hako dutse - Rotary drilling, DTH (ƙasa da rami) hakowa da Top hammer. Wadannan hanyoyi guda uku sun dace da ayyukan hakar ma'adinai da rijiyoyin daban-daban, kuma zaɓi mara kyau zai haifar da babbar hasara.

Da farko, dole ne mu san ka'idodin aiki na su.

Rotary hakowa

A cikin hakowa mai jujjuyawa, injin yana samar da isassun matsa lamba da juzu'i. Bitar yana yin rawar jiki kuma yana jujjuya kan dutsen a lokaci guda, wanda ke haifar da matsi mai ƙarfi da ƙarfi akan dutsen. Ragowar suna jujjuya su da niƙa a cikin ƙasan ramin don sa dutsen ya karye. Matsakaicin iskar da ke ƙarƙashin wani matsa lamba da ƙimar kwarara ana fesa daga bututun ƙarfe ta cikin bututun rawar soja, don sanya slag ta ci gaba da busa daga ƙasan rami tare da sararin samaniya tsakanin bututun rawar soja da bangon gaba ɗaya zuwa waje.

Kasa rami (DTH) hakowa

Hakowa ƙasa-da-rami shine a fitar da guduma wanda ke bayan bututun rawar jiki ta matse iska ta bututun rawar soja. Fistan yana bugun bit ɗin kai tsaye, yayin da silinda na waje guduma ke ba da madaidaiciyar jagorar juzu'in rawar soja. Wannan ya sa tasirin makamashi ba ya ɓacewa a cikin haɗin gwiwa kuma yana ba da izinin hakowa mai zurfi mai zurfi.

Bugu da ƙari kuma, ƙarfin tasiri yana aiki akan dutsen a kasan ramin, wanda ya fi dacewa, kuma ya fi dacewa fiye da sauran hanyoyin aikin hakowa.

Kuma DTH ya fi dacewa da babban rami na hako dutse, na musamman don taurin dutse sama da 200Mpa. Duk da haka, ga dutsen da ke ƙasa da 200 MPa, ba zai kawai sharar gida ba, amma kuma a cikin ƙananan hakowa yadda ya dace, da kuma lalacewa mai tsanani ga rawar soja. Domin yayin da piston na guduma ya buge, dutsen mai laushi ba zai iya shawo kan tasirin gaba daya ba, wanda ya rage tasirin hakowa da slagging sosai.

Babban Hakimin Guduma

The percussive ƙarfi na saman guduma hakowa samar da piston na famfo a cikin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa hako na'ura, ana daukar kwayar cutar zuwa ga rawar soja ta hanyar shank adaftan da rawar soja bututu.

Wannan shine bambanci tsakanin hakowa DTH. A halin yanzu, tsarin kaɗa yana motsa tsarin hakowa. Lokacin da igiyar damuwa ta kai ga ɗigon rawar jiki, ana watsa makamashin zuwa dutsen a cikin nau'in shigar bit. Haɗin waɗannan ayyukan yana ba da damar hako ramuka a cikin dutse mai wuyar gaske, kuma injin damfara na iska yana aiwatar da cire ƙura kawai da ƙwanƙwasa a cikin haƙar guduma.

Haɗin waɗannan ayyukan yana ba da damar hako ramuka a cikin dutse mai wuyar gaske, kuma injin damfara na iska yana aiwatar da cire ƙura kawai da ƙwanƙwasa a cikin haƙar guduma.

Tasirin kuzarin da aka ninka ta hanyar mitar tasiri tare yana haifar da fitintinu na mai tuƙi. Duk da haka, yawanci, hakowa saman guduma da ake amfani da shi don rami diamita iyakar 127mm, da zurfin rami kasa da 20M, wanda a cikin babban inganci.